Brazilianite is a rare and unusual gemstone cut for collectors only; its yellow or yellowish green color is nonetheless striking. Crystals are fragile and brittle, with concordat fracture and perfect cleavage perpendicular to their length

IThe main localities are in Brazil, where crystals up to 15cm (6 in) have been found. Smaller crystals have been mined in New Hampshire in the USA.

Kouml in Minas Geris in Brazil in 1944, brazilianite was first thought to be chrysoberyl, but closer examination revealed it to be a completely new mineral. It was named after the country in which it was found, but has since been confused with chrysoberyl, beryl, and topaz.